ALASKA<\/strong>: The Kodiak native people \u00a0used \u00a0distinctivepoisoned\u00a0 harpoons by tribe and the tribe that found an animal shared it\u00a0 with the tribe that owned the harpoon.<\/p>AMERICAN PEOPLE<\/strong> : They used a \u00a0Harpoon made of whale rib, tied to a rope, at the end of which a seal skin acted as a float.<\/p>USES<\/strong>:\u00a0 HOW THEY USED THE PARTS OF THE WHALES<\/p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Bones: Canoe construction.<\/p>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jaws and Ribs: Huts Assembly<\/p>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0Beards: Construction of bows and Traps<\/p>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Leather: For straps and Footwear<\/p>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fat: as food and as bait for traps<\/p>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Meat: essential food during the harsh winter.<\/p>
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Oil: For feeding and heating<\/p>
YEAR: 14TH\u00a0 Century.<\/strong> Biscay Bay<\/p>The Basques were the first to develop a hunting technique.<\/p>
From the hills they could see\u00a0 the Southern Right Whales which came to the coast to give birth to their baby whales . By using small boats, the Basque people \u00a0approached and harpooned them with as many harpoons as possible, tridents attached to floats. After that \u00a0the animal died, it was dragged and slaughtered on the coast.<\/p>
YEAR: 15TH Century<\/strong>. The number of Southern Right\u00a0 Whales in the Biscay Bay\u00a0 began to decrease. That way the Basques had to\u00a0 chase them in the open sea . To do this they built \u00a0bigger and faster ships.<\/p>The cutting of the animal was done on the high seas and on the side of the boat.<\/p>
When moving away from cold areas, temperature was a problem due to the animals decomposition.\u00a0 In order to avoid that situation, the Basques melted the fat and turned it into oil. They stored it in barrels.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>
YEAR 1670:<\/strong> Hunting began in North America. Several ports specialized in whale hunting . Nantucket: specialized sperm whale hunting port<\/p>YEAR 1712:<\/strong> The hunters collected: \u00a0<\/p>45 thousand barrels of sperm whale oil.<\/p>
7 thousand pounds of beards<\/p>
8 thousand barrels of whale oil<\/p>
YEAR: 16TH Century.<\/strong> Other nations began \u00a0hunting , Holland and England dominated the sea routes, they learnt the techniques by boarding the Basques in the crew.<\/p>THE WHALE INDUSTRY<\/strong><\/p>Dutch people built villages which were \u00a0hunting stations on the coasts.<\/p>
Hunting techniques , boats of 6 people \u00a0that harpooned the animal. The harpoon attached to a rope tied to the boat .When\u00a0 the whale swam on the surface it\u00a0 dragged\u00a0 the boat. If the whale went underwater,\u00a0 they gave \u00a0more rope until the animal bled to death.\u00a0 After that ,\u00a0 it was taken to the shore to be slaughtered.<\/p>
YEAR 1756:<\/strong> English and Scottish peopleby sailing in 83 ships plundered \u00a0the Arctic and Atlantic Ocean.<\/p>YEAR 1790:<\/strong> Ship Emilia, passed by \u00a0Hornos Cape\u00a0 and captured in the Pacific. Within \u00a0three years England sent 23 ships to the Pacific. Whales were becoming limited.<\/p>MODERN WHALE INDUSTRY<\/strong><\/p>Technical advances in whalers, strike teams, and fishing methods were fatal to cetaceans on the planet.<\/p>
YEAR 1863:<\/strong> Sven Foyn built the first modern whaler ship \u201c \u00a0the Spes et Fides \u201c \u00a0(Esperanza y fe), a 25-meter, steam-powered ship . It was\u00a0 easy-to-maneuver and \u00a0allowed higher speeds to chase larger and faster animals.<\/p>YEAR: 1868<\/strong> Norwegian whale hunter \u00a0Sven Foyn (1809-1894).<\/p>Developed an exploding harpoon, which was\u00a0 fired from a cannon at the bow of the ship.<\/p>
At the top of the harpoon there was a grenade. It was \u00a0formed by a detonator and a bag of gunpowder which was inserted into a steel container with spikes. It was \u00a0designed to be opened during impact, allowing it to become embedded in the animal’s meat and after three seconds the grenade exploded inside the body of the cetacean. This weapon is still in use with some modifications, and is responsible for thousands of dead whales.<\/p>
YEAR 1904:<\/strong> Argentina de Pesca S.A. Company\u00a0 was settled down \u00a0since November 1904- on the San Pedro Island, \u00a0group of islands of South Georgia. It was the first company to establish \u00a0an onshore plant, with buildings suitable for slaughter and whaling industrialization. The slaughter site \u00a0was located in Cumberland Bay, in the port of Grytviken, a name that in Scandinavian means Bay of pots, in reference to \u00a0the kettles found by the first Norwegians who had\u00a0 arrived there.\u00a0 Ancient hunters had used them to cook the fat of the whales The\u00a0 C.A.P (Compa\u00f1\u00eda Argentina de Pesca S.A) operated until December 4, 1964.<\/p>YEAR: 1925<\/strong> The growth of the whaling industry was limited by the need for ships to return to slaughter sites \u00a0to process dead whales.<\/p>The last fatal invention was that of FACTORY-SHIPS: These ships accompanied the whalers and had stern ramps to raise the whales, increasing the efficiency of fishing.<\/p>
YEAR 1931: <\/strong>The Convention for the Regulation of the hunting of\u00a0 Whales was created but it wasn \u00b4t the most suitable one.<\/p>Worldwide \u00a0protection of cetaceans:<\/strong><\/p>1931<\/strong>: Greenland Whale<\/p>1935<\/strong>: Northern Right Whale; Southern Right Whale.<\/p>1946<\/strong>: Gray Whale.<\/p>The IWC ( International Whale Commission) was created. It regulates \u201c \u00a0the hunting issue \u201c \u00a0to date.<\/p>
The IWC, in its first 30 years of existence, fostered the development of this industry, \u00a0more than two million whales were killed.<\/p>
1966<\/strong>: Humpback whale, Blue Whale<\/p>1979<\/strong>: Rorcual, Northern<\/p>1984<\/strong>: Sperm Whale<\/p>1986<\/strong>: Moratorium on the International Whale Commission<\/p>
FINAL BALANCE OF THE CAPTURES<\/strong><\/p>Almost 1 million Sperm whales<\/p>
More than 1 million Minke (Rorcuales) whales<\/p>
More than 350 thousand Blue Whales<\/p>
Almost a quarter of a million Humpback whales<\/p>
In the Antarctic Ocean , more than 2 million whales were slaughtered<\/p>
Currently 5 to 10 percent of the original populations remain.<\/p>
Some species may not be able to survive even though they have been \u00a0protected for\u00a0 more than 60 years,\u00a0 such as the Basque Northern Right Whale, it is estimated that there are currently only 300 specimens.<\/p>
Right\u00a0 whales, were \u00a0the first to be hunted, because it\u00a0 was easy to get close to them.\u00a0 They tend to float when they are dead and produce a large amount of oil, meat and beards. Their swimming is slow, they swim near the coast, When the Right Whale began to be shortened, the whalers targeted the Sperm Whales.<\/p>
The powerful Blue whale was safe from being chased until the explosive harpoon was invented, and \u00a0it became the most wanted species.<\/p>
USES GIVEN TO THE WHALES<\/strong><\/p>The thick layer of fat of the whale is composed of a fibrous, oily material.<\/p>
This fat was \u00a0was boiled and extracted, they called it \u00a0“LIQUID GOLD” that was used in:<\/p>
Shampoo-detergent-lipsticks-ice creams-paints-machine lubricants-glycerin for explosives-<\/p>
Homes in Europe and North America were lit with whale oil lamps and candles.<\/p>
Sperm Whale Oil was extracted from its large head known as Spermaceti, it was a highly demanded \u00a0lubricant – some attributed healing properties to it-<\/p>
Baleen whales (Also called \u201cWHALES\u201c):<\/strong><\/p>Used to make : whip handles, shoelaces-umbrella rods – bristles’ for brushes-clock springs-shutters-fans – fishing rods- also for women \u00b4s corsets.<\/p>
AMBER GRAY, \u201cWHALE\u00b4S\u00a0 GOLD \u201d<\/strong><\/p>Fatty substance secreted in the sperm whale’s stomach, to process its food. When it is \u00a0exposed to air it hardens, it has an exquisite aroma, very valuable. It was used as a medicine to cure indigestion or as aphrodisiac, although the most widespread use was as a perfume fixative in cosmetics.<\/p>
WHALE MEAT:<\/strong><\/p>It was never in great demand in Europe or North America. One part was ground to make compost-food for dogs or cats – or simply thrown into the ocean.<\/p>
The Dutch, Norwegians, Koreans consumed whale \u00a0meat, but the main market was always Japan.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t